02-19: Network Analysis Helps Increase Cooling System Capacity Oxidizing Biocides

02-19: Network Analysis Helps Increase Cooling System Capacity Oxidizing BiocidesA planned refinery expansion required 1500 GPM of additional cooling water. The refinery has undergone several expansions in the past where either the capacity of existing units increased or new processing units were added. The original cooling water system was straining to meet the increasing demands placed on it. Further the pressure loss in the piping had increased over time due to settlement of dirt and scaling. While the cooling tower had

some traditional fan manufacturers lobby for having axial impellers integrated into cooling towers tested as complete assembled fans

New non-metallic heat exchanger technologies allows for a lower cost alternative as well as fouling and clog resistance

The veil thickness ranged from no veil to 13mils and revealed no advantage for increasing the veil thickness

including equipment

nearly seven years later

This paper presents the technical

The initial performance test indicated a major tower deficiency

tion to enforce this requirement

or perhaps due to political pressures

A better understanding of fouling film development and destruction (including stoichiometry and kinetics) is necessary to maintain satisfactory effluent water quality while minimizing the effects of biofouling and its control

natural draft cooling tower

The reduction of drift and corresponding mineral mass emissions was about 80%